Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a molecular biology technique that amplifies and detects DNA and RNA sequences. The RT-PCR platform is FDA-authorized and requires specialized equipment and personnel to operate. PCR testing can be used to detect nucleic acid from various parasites, bacteria, and viruses. It is a precise and reliable method for detecting even the smallest amounts of markers within the stool.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a well-established immunological technique that uses the intensity of a signal to quantify the presence of specific antibodies or antigens in a patient's blood. The assay involves immobilizing the antigen or antibody of interest on a solid surface, such as a plastic plate. The patient's serum or plasma is then added to the plate, and any antibodies or antigens that are present will bind to the immobilized antigen or antibody. A second antibody, which is linked to an enzyme, is then added to the plate. The enzyme catalyzes a reaction that produces a measurable signal, such as a color change or fluorescence. The intensity of the signal is proportional to the amount of antibody or antigen that is present in the serum or plasma.
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